An approach to effortless construction of program animations

J.A. Velázquez-Iturbide and C. Pareja-Flores and J. Urquiza-Fuentes. Computers & Education 50(1), January 2008, Pages 179-192

Abstract. Program animation systems have not been as widely adopted by computer science educators as we might expect from the firm belief that they can help in enhancing computer science education. One of the most notable obstacles to their adoption is the considerable effort that the production of program animations represents for the instructor. We present here an approach to reduce such a workload based on the automatic generation of visualizations and animations. The user may customize them in a user-friendly way to construct more expressive program animations. These operations are carried out by means of a user-friendly manipulation based on the metaphor of office documents. We have applied this approach to the functional paradigm by extending the WinHIPE programming environment. Finally, we report on the successful results of an evaluation performed to measure its ease of use.

A Framework for the Automatic Generation of Algorithm Animations Based on Design Techniques

L. Fernández-Muñoz, A. Pérez-Carrasco, J.Á. Velázquez-Iturbide, J. Urquiza-Fuentes. In Second European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (EC-TEL), 2007, Pages 475-480.

Abstract. A novel approach to algorithm animation consists in displaying algorithms based on their design technique. In this paper, we describe a framework to generate these animations without effort from the instructor. We describe a preprocessing phase that modifies the source code of the algorithm to visualize. When the transformed code is executed, a trace is stored and then used to generate an animation. We also describe the architecture of the animation subsystem. Finally, we outline the main features of SRec, a system that we have built to illustrate the feasibility of this approach. It is aimed at visualizing multiple views of recursion, namely traces, the control stack and activation trees.

Assessing the Usability of a Cookies-Based Access Monitoring Tool for a CMS

R. Hijón-Neira, J. Urquiza-Fuentes, F. Domínguez-Mateos, J.Á. Velázquez-Iturbide. In Seventh IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT) 2007, Pages 262-264

Abstract. We have developed several tools to allow instructors analyze students' interactions in a Course Management System. In this paper we describe a Systematic Usability Evaluation designed to test the usability of one of these tools. The evaluations were based on task analysis and follow-up studies. We have assessed effectiveness, efficiency, usefulness, ease of use, learnability, and user's satisfaction of the tool. In addition to regular observation and questionnaires, 3- scope video recording was used to provide the evaluator with more information about interactions. The use of this technology helped us in identifying functions and features that need improvement. We describe the three-step method that we have developed and the satisfactory results it has provided us.

Human-Centered Aspects

Olga Kulyk, Robert Kosara, Jaime Urquiza and Ingo Wassink. In Human-Centered Visualization Environments, 2007, Pages 13-75

Abstract. Humans have remarkable perceptual capabilities. These capabilities are heavily underestimated in current visualizations. Often, this is due to the lack of an in-depth user study to set the requirements for optimal visualizations. The designer does not understand what kind of information should be visualized, how it should be presented or what kind of interactions should be supported. The key elements of successful information visualization are the correct data using the best visualization technique and the best interaction techniques with respect to users. If one of these elements is ignored, people might interpret the data in the wrong way and thus might not understand the underlying information or a pattern.

WinHIPE: an IDE for functional programming based on rewriting and visualization

C. Pareja-Flores, J. Urquiza-Fuentes, J.Á. Velázquez-Iturbide. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 42(3), 2007, Pages 14-23 

Abstract. The article describes an IDE for functional programming, called WinHIPE. It provides an interactive and flexible tracer, as well as a powerful visualization and animation system. The former tool is based on the rewriting model of evaluation, and the latter provides automatic generation of visualizations and animations, friendly support for customization, maintenance and exportation of animations to the Web, and facilities to cope with large scale. Its main advantage over other visualization systems is an effortless approach to animation creation and maintenance, based on generating visualizations and animations automatically, as a side effect of program execution. Finally, we briefly describe our experience using the system during several years in educational settings.